In the forefront of life science research, the precision and efficiency of cell screening and editing technologies directly determine research progress and application value. As a key supporting technology, ultrasonic cell lysis technology, with its unique physical mechanism, is bringing revolutionary breakthroughs to cell screening and editing, becoming a core bridge connecting cell sample pretreatment and precise editing.
The core advantage of ultrasonic cell lysis technology stems from its precise and controllable physical principle. This technology uses high-frequency sound waves propagating in a liquid medium to generate a cavitation effect, forming instantaneous high-pressure shock waves and microjets that can precisely act on the cell membrane or cell wall, achieving efficient lysis without damaging the core bioactive substances within the cell. Compared to traditional chemical lysis or mechanical grinding methods, it requires no toxic reagents and can be adapted to different cell types by adjusting parameters such as frequency, power, and processing time, significantly improving sample purity and bioactivity retention, providing high-quality cell raw materials for subsequent screening and editing.
In the cell screening stage, ultrasonic cell lysis technology constructs an efficient sample pretreatment system. Biological samples often contain multiple cell types; traditional separation methods are inefficient and easily damage cells. Ultrasonic systems based on surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology can achieve precise cell sorting through sound field design. Utilizing the differences in acoustic properties among different cells, target cells are rapidly shifted and enriched within a standing wave field. The sorted cells are then precisely lysed to release intracellular substances, providing pure samples for subsequent cell viability testing and biomarker screening, significantly improving screening accuracy and efficiency.
In cell editing, the enabling role of ultrasonic cell lysis technology is even more crucial. One of the core steps in gene editing is achieving precise binding between exogenous editing tools and the cell genome. The cavitation effect of ultrasound can create transient nanoscale pores on the cell membrane, providing efficient transport channels for exogenous DNA, RNA, or editing enzymes. Simultaneously, ultrasound with specific parameters can promote precise DNA strand shearing and repair, working synergistically with editing systems such as CRISPR to improve the efficiency and accuracy of gene editing. This physical-mediated approach avoids the cytotoxicity of chemical carriers, reduces off-target risks, and provides a safer and more reliable technical pathway for precise cell editing.
With the development of micro-nano fabrication and intelligent control technologies, ultrasonic cell lysis technology is evolving towards miniaturization and high throughput, and will play a more important role in fields such as single-cell precision editing and gene therapy in the future. As a core support for cell screening and editing technologies, ultrasonic cell lysis technology, with its unique physical advantages, has broken through traditional technical bottlenecks, propelling life science research towards greater precision and efficiency, and injecting continuous momentum into the innovative development of biomedicine.
